GEOMETRINAE....Pugs

Pugs  (Eupithecia) species

Although many species of Pug are easy to identify and several others fairly easy with care, there are a number of  species which can only really be verified by genitalia dissection and these are  impossible to identify by wing markings alone An excellent guide from http:// www.angleps.com/guides.php and a copy of British and Irish Pug Moths by Riley and Prior are essential when studying this group.Several species have melanic forms and  all melanics are not Grey Pugs ! The records below are those  which  I feel have been  substantiated .A full list of Pugs recorded in Yorkshire can be obtaine from the YNU.A careful and througher search of Pugs in Calderdale would reveal many new species.There are old records for Plain Pug in 1927 and Ash Pug in1900 and 1968 these records are not mentioned in the Butterflies and moths of Yorkshire  Sutton and Beaumont 1989 and these two species may well be worth looking for locally.

1811 Slender Pug Eupithecia tenuiata (Hübner, 1813)

1 on the 8^th June 2001 at Cromwell Bottom attracted to light, identified by the YNU (PT. Etal)

1 at Park road Elland 25^th May 2002 (PT)

5 to light at Cromwell Bottom 31^st july 2010(AC,BL)

1816 Toadflax Pug Eupithecia linariata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)

Recorded oddly at light between the 19^th May and 27^th July with 25 individulas recorded between 1999 and 2009.

1817 Foxglove Pug Eupithecia pulchellata ( Stephens, 1831)

First recorded in 1947 and since this date has been a regular at light traps between the 2^nd May and the 13^th August..

Foxglove Pug	1956	1969	1999	2002	2008	2009
	13	10	25	13	12	23

1823 Netted Pug Eupithecia venosata (Fabricius, 1787)

Once recorded as common in the Elland district but not since 1927 despite a careful search.

1825 Lime-speck Pug Eupithecia centaureata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)

First recorded at light in1944 and occasionally at light up to 1963 then no records till

1 on the 1^st August 1999 and 13^th May 2002 Park road Elland (PT) and 1 at Brookfoot Brighouse 6^th August 2009 (M&K Sharpe). One swept from thistles at langfield Edge on the 21^st August 2010(AC, BL).One to Light at Hedge top lane Northowram 28^th August 2010.(AC)

1827 Freyer's Pug Eupithecia intricata (Zetterstedt, 1839) *

Recorded at Park Road Elland on the 24^th , 29^th June and 6^th Jul 2002 (PT)

In 2007 a large influx into Yorkshire was marked in Calderdale with these records for our area at light .

1 at Wyvern Terrace ,Pellon 10^th &11^th June 2007

1 at  Moor End Gardens 14^th June 2007

2 at  Hedge Top Lane 14^th  and 16^th June 2007

12 records in 2008/9 at light throughout the area..and 20 + at Hedge top lane in June 2010.

1830 Wormwood Pug Eupithecia absinthiata (Clerck, 1759)

       (Ling pug E.a.f.gooseensiata Mabille

Wormwood Pug was recorded as scarce(1 a year up to the 1960’s) in Collinson but recorded in small numbers  these days between early June and early August.

2  Ling Pug (heathland form of Wormwood Pug)were  recorded at light at Kebroyd in 1968 (WEC)

1832 Currant Pug Eupithecia assimilata Doubleday, 1856

Recorded throughout the area in suiteable habitat in small numbers between – 2^nd September.

Currant Pug	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
	4	4	15	15	2	0	0	1	1	2	3

1834 Common Pug Eupithecia vulgata (Haworth, 1809)

Collinson wrote ‘The Common Pug is far from common in our area. There are 4 records before1961 and 1 since’ .Recent  records suggest that this species has increased with 180 individulas recorded between 1999 and 2009.The main flight priod is between is May and June with a second generation in August .there are 3 early records from mid to late April.

1835 White-spotted Pug Eupithecia tripunctaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1852)

 The flight period for this species is from the  30^th April – 28^th June.

White -spotted	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Pug	0	0	2	20	17	12	0	11	16	10	37

1837 Grey Pug Eupithecia subfuscata (Haworth, 1809)

Said to be common in Yorkshire but in Calderdale this is not the case records from 1922.1968, 3 at park road Elland in  June 2002 and 1 in June 2003. 1 adult attracted to light at Cunnery woods on the 6^th May 2009 (AC gen .det).

1838 Tawny Speckled Pug Eupithecia icterata (Villers, 1789)

Recorded in small numbers at light throughout the area 1999 – 2009 mostl records refer to the S.subfulvata form. Larvae found at lowfields on Yarrow on the 26^th September 2004 (PT).

1839 Bordered Pug Eupithecia succenturiata (Linnaeus, 1758)

1 in the Halifax area 21^st July 1985 and  the previous record was in 1967(BDC)

Occasional July – August.

1846 Narrow-winged Pug Eupithecia nanata (Prout, 1938)

Occasional at light between 16^th May and 22^nd August. This species can be observed on the moors during the day .

Narrow-winged	May	June	July	Aug
Pug	3	11	23	4

1851 Golden-rod Pug Eupithecia virgaureata (Doubleday, 1861

1 at Park Road on the 7^th October 2001 and 1 at light 6^th & 7^th May 2002 determined by gent det (PT & IK)

1 at light Hedge Top Lane Northowram 31^st May 2002(AC)

Larvae found at Cromwell bottom in  September 2005 (PT) and  North Dean woods on the 3^rd October 2005(CS).

1852 Brindled Pug Eupithecia abbreviata ( Stephens, 1831)

Flight times are between 9^th March – 4^th June .

This is usually the first pug to emerge and is quite common at light between March and May . Paul Talbot recorded 102 in 2003 and 101 in 2004 at Park Road both form occour F.hirschkei .

1853 Oak-tree Pug Eupithecia dodoneata Guenée, 1857

1 at light Hardcastle Crags  15^th  Jun 2002 (P T & Sue Warren)

1 to light on the 29^th May,2^nd and  21^st June 2002 (PT)

1 at light Rochdale Road, Walsden 30^th  Apr 2005 (BL)

1 at light Moor End Gardens 4^th May 2006 (NCD)

1 at light Brookfoot Brighouse  16^th May 2008 (M&K Sharpe)

1 found during the day whilst tree searching in Only house wood Northowram May 2009(AC).

1854 Juniper Pug Eupithecia pusillata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)

2 at Triangle in 1968 were said to have probabally been transported in on garden junipers.

1856 Larch Pug Eupithecia lariciata (Freyer, 1842)

Three old record from 1921,1922 and 1968 no details given.

1857 Dwarf Pug Eupithecia tantillaria Boisduval, 1840

1 at light Kebroyd 1968

1 to light at Park Road Elland on the  31^st May 2003 (PT)

1 at light at Hedge Top Lane  Northowram 20^th May 2006(AC)

1 at light  Wyvern terrace 8^th May 2008(MH)

1858 The V-Pug Chloroclystis v-ata (Haworth, 1809)

First recorded at light in 1969 at eland and Kebroyd. This species has been recorded between April and September at light in good numbers the first date was  3/04/02 (PT) and last  13/09/08(MH)..12 to light at Cunnery woods on the 11^th July 2009 .

Numbers to light throughout Calderdale 1999 - 2010

V-PUG	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
	2	35	50	22	11	16	2	7	5	23	31

1860 Green Pug Chloroclystis rectangulata (Linnaeus, 1758)

First recorded in 1955 at light  in 1969  19 were attracted to light at kebroyd all of these were of the melanic form. F.anthrax 5 at light on the 10^th July 2006 were all of the ‘Green form’ at Northowram.All records fall between late May and late July except 2 very early records on the 3^rd May. Anyone recording this species out of  the main flight period should checked closely for the similar Sloe Pug C.chloerata .There seem to be an equal split between the two forms recently

Numbers recorded at light. 1999 - 2010

GREEN PUG	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
	9	12	16	14	4	4	9	3	6	9	27

1862 Double-striped Pug Gymnoscelis rufifasciata (Haworth, 1809)

Recorded regularly at light the flight season for adults is between 3^rd April and the 11^th September.there are two main emergences in April/May and July/August, June and September have only a few records.